PVDF membranes are increasingly explored for wastewater treatment due to their benefits in removing a broad range of pollutants. This study provides an in-depth evaluation of the performance of PVDF membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment. It investigates key variables such as pollutant reduction for various inorganic compounds, membrane foul
Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors demonstrate a robust platform for chemical applications. These reactors utilize loosely packed hollow fibers as the transmembrane element, offering significant surface area for exchange. The design of the fibers enables efficient transport of both substrate and effluent. Applications of hollow fiber membrane biorea
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) represent a prominent technology in the field of wastewater treatment. These systems integrate biological treatment processes with membrane filtration, offering a robust solution for removing contaminants from wastewater and producing high-quality effluent. MBRs consist of a bioreactor vessel where microorganisms break